python如何读取文件夹里所有图片

Python读取文件夹里所有图片的方法

在Python中，读取文件夹里的所有图片可以通过几个步骤来完成：使用os模块遍历文件夹、使用Pillow库加载图片、处理和展示图片。这些步骤可以帮助我们方便地处理文件夹中的图片文件。下面我们将详细介绍其中一个常用的方法，并展开介绍如何使用这些工具来读取和处理图片。

一、使用os模块遍历文件夹

os模块是Python标准库的一部分，它提供了丰富的文件和目录操作功能。使用os模块，我们可以轻松地遍历文件夹，找到所有图片文件。

import os
def get_image_files(directory):
    image_extensions = ['.png', '.jpg', '.jpeg', '.gif', '.bmp']
    image_files = []
    for root, dirs, files in os.walk(directory):
        for file in files:
            if any(file.lower().endswith(ext) for ext in image_extensions):
                image_files.append(os.path.join(root, file))
    return image_files
示例用法
directory = 'path/to/your/directory'
image_files = get_image_files(directory)
print(image_files)

二、使用Pillow库加载图片

Pillow是Python中处理图像的强大库。使用Pillow库，我们可以轻松地加载、处理和保存图片。首先，我们需要安装Pillow库：

pip install pillow

然后，我们可以使用Pillow库加载图片文件：

from PIL import Image
def load_images(image_files):
    images = []
    for image_file in image_files:
        img = Image.open(image_file)
        images.append(img)
    return images
示例用法
images = load_images(image_files)
for img in images:
    img.show()

三、处理和展示图片

加载图片后，我们可以对图片进行各种处理操作，例如调整大小、转换格式、应用滤镜等。以下是一些常见的操作示例：

1、调整图片大小

def resize_images(images, size):
    resized_images = []
    for img in images:
        resized_img = img.resize(size)
        resized_images.append(resized_img)
    return resized_images
示例用法
resized_images = resize_images(images, (100, 100))
for img in resized_images:
    img.show()

2、转换图片格式

def convert_images_format(images, target_format):
    converted_images = []
    for img in images:
        img = img.convert(target_format)
        converted_images.append(img)
    return converted_images
示例用法
converted_images = convert_images_format(images, 'RGB')
for img in converted_images:
    img.show()

3、应用滤镜

from PIL import ImageFilter
def apply_filter(images, filter):
    filtered_images = []
    for img in images:
        filtered_img = img.filter(filter)
        filtered_images.append(filtered_img)
    return filtered_images
示例用法
filtered_images = apply_filter(images, ImageFilter.BLUR)
for img in filtered_images:
    img.show()

四、保存处理后的图片

处理完图片后，我们可以将它们保存到指定目录中：

def save_images(images, directory, prefix=''):
    if not os.path.exists(directory):
        os.makedirs(directory)
    for i, img in enumerate(images):
        img.save(os.path.join(directory, f'{prefix}image_{i}.png'))
示例用法
save_directory = 'path/to/save/directory'
save_images(resized_images, save_directory, 'resized_')

五、完整示例

将上述所有步骤整合在一起，我们可以得到一个完整的示例，展示如何读取文件夹中的所有图片、进行处理并保存处理后的图片。

import os
from PIL import Image, ImageFilter
def get_image_files(directory):
    image_extensions = ['.png', '.jpg', '.jpeg', '.gif', '.bmp']
    image_files = []
    for root, dirs, files in os.walk(directory):
        for file in files:
            if any(file.lower().endswith(ext) for ext in image_extensions):
                image_files.append(os.path.join(root, file))
    return image_files
def load_images(image_files):
    images = []
    for image_file in image_files:
        img = Image.open(image_file)
        images.append(img)
    return images
def resize_images(images, size):
    resized_images = []
    for img in images:
        resized_img = img.resize(size)
        resized_images.append(resized_img)
    return resized_images
def convert_images_format(images, target_format):
    converted_images = []
    for img in images:
        img = img.convert(target_format)
        converted_images.append(img)
    return converted_images
def apply_filter(images, filter):
    filtered_images = []
    for img in images:
        filtered_img = img.filter(filter)
        filtered_images.append(filtered_img)
    return filtered_images
def save_images(images, directory, prefix=''):
    if not os.path.exists(directory):
        os.makedirs(directory)
    for i, img in enumerate(images):
        img.save(os.path.join(directory, f'{prefix}image_{i}.png'))
示例用法
directory = 'path/to/your/directory'
image_files = get_image_files(directory)
images = load_images(image_files)
对图片进行处理
resized_images = resize_images(images, (100, 100))
converted_images = convert_images_format(images, 'RGB')
filtered_images = apply_filter(images, ImageFilter.BLUR)
保存处理后的图片
save_directory = 'path/to/save/directory'
save_images(resized_images, save_directory, 'resized_')
save_images(converted_images, save_directory, 'converted_')
save_images(filtered_images, save_directory, 'filtered_')