如何用Python做抢21的游戏

如何用Python做抢21的游戏

实现抢21游戏的关键步骤包括：使用随机数生成玩家和电脑的点数、建立游戏的规则逻辑、实现用户交互界面。本文将详细展开如何使用Python实现一个简单的抢21游戏，并在过程中给出一些专业见解和个人经验。

首先，我们需要明确游戏规则：玩家和电脑轮流从1到10之间随机抽取数字，目标是使自己的点数尽量接近21但不超过21。如果玩家的点数超过21，则玩家输；如果玩家停止抽取并且电脑点数超过玩家但不超过21，则电脑赢。接下来，我们将逐步实现这个游戏。

一、设置游戏基本结构

1.1、导入必要的模块

为了生成随机数，我们需要导入Python的random模块。random模块内的randint函数可以帮助我们生成指定范围内的随机整数。

import random

1.2、定义主要函数

我们需要定义一个主要函数来管理游戏的流程。在这个函数中，我们将初始化游戏变量，控制游戏的进程，并最终决定胜负。

def play_game():
    player_score = 0
    computer_score = 0
    playing = True

二、实现游戏逻辑

2.1、玩家的回合

在玩家的回合中，玩家可以选择是否继续抽取数字。如果玩家选择继续抽取数字，则从1到10之间随机生成一个数字并加到玩家的总分上。

while playing:
    print(f"Your current score: {player_score}")
    choice = input("Do you want to draw a number? (yes/no): ").lower()
    if choice == 'yes':
        drawn_number = random.randint(1, 10)
        player_score += drawn_number
        print(f"You drew a {drawn_number}. Your new score is {player_score}")
        if player_score > 21:
            print("You exceeded 21! You lose.")
            return
    else:
        playing = False

2.2、电脑的回合

在电脑的回合中，我们可以设定一个简单的策略：如果电脑的分数小于17，则继续抽取数字；否则停止抽取。这个策略可以根据具体需要进行调整。

while computer_score < 17:
    drawn_number = random.randint(1, 10)
    computer_score += drawn_number
    print(f"The computer drew a {drawn_number}. Computer's new score is {computer_score}")
    if computer_score > 21:
        print("The computer exceeded 21! You win.")
        return

三、判断胜负

在玩家和电脑都停止抽取数字后，我们需要比较双方的分数来决定胜负。

if player_score > computer_score:
    print("You win!")
elif player_score < computer_score:
    print("The computer wins!")
else:
    print("It's a tie!")

四、优化游戏体验

4.1、增加用户友好性

为了使游戏更加用户友好，我们可以增加一些提示信息，并在游戏结束后询问玩家是否想要重新开始游戏。

def play_game():
    while True:
        player_score = 0
        computer_score = 0
        playing = True
        while playing:
            print(f"Your current score: {player_score}")
            choice = input("Do you want to draw a number? (yes/no): ").lower()
            if choice == 'yes':
                drawn_number = random.randint(1, 10)
                player_score += drawn_number
                print(f"You drew a {drawn_number}. Your new score is {player_score}")
                if player_score > 21:
                    print("You exceeded 21! You lose.")
                    break
            else:
                playing = False
        if player_score <= 21:
            while computer_score < 17:
                drawn_number = random.randint(1, 10)
                computer_score += drawn_number
                print(f"The computer drew a {drawn_number}. Computer's new score is {computer_score}")
                if computer_score > 21:
                    print("The computer exceeded 21! You win.")
                    break
        if player_score <= 21 and computer_score <= 21:
            if player_score > computer_score:
                print("You win!")
            elif player_score < computer_score:
                print("The computer wins!")
            else:
                print("It's a tie!")
        replay = input("Do you want to play again? (yes/no): ").lower()
        if replay != 'yes':
            break

五、扩展与优化

5.1、添加更多功能

为了增加游戏的趣味性和挑战性，我们可以添加更多的功能。例如，可以增加多个玩家，或者设置不同的难度级别。

def play_game():
    num_players = int(input("Enter the number of players: "))
    scores = [0] * num_players
    computer_score = 0
    players = ["Player " + str(i + 1) for i in range(num_players)]
    while True:
        for i in range(num_players):
            playing = True
            while playing:
                print(f"{players[i]}'s current score: {scores[i]}")
                choice = input(f"{players[i]}, do you want to draw a number? (yes/no): ").lower()
                if choice == 'yes':
                    drawn_number = random.randint(1, 10)
                    scores[i] += drawn_number
                    print(f"{players[i]} drew a {drawn_number}. New score is {scores[i]}")
                    if scores[i] > 21:
                        print(f"{players[i]} exceeded 21 and is out of the game!")
                        playing = False
                else:
                    playing = False
        while computer_score < 17:
            drawn_number = random.randint(1, 10)
            computer_score += drawn_number
            print(f"The computer drew a {drawn_number}. Computer's new score is {computer_score}")
            if computer_score > 21:
                print("The computer exceeded 21! All remaining players win!")
                return
        remaining_players = [score for score in scores if score <= 21]
        if len(remaining_players) == 0:
            print("All players exceeded 21. The computer wins!")
            return
        max_score = max(remaining_players)
        if max_score > computer_score:
            winners = [players[i] for i, score in enumerate(scores) if score == max_score]
            print(f"{', '.join(winners)} win(s)!")
        elif max_score < computer_score:
            print("The computer wins!")
        else:
            print("It's a tie between the remaining players and the computer!")
        replay = input("Do you want to play again? (yes/no): ").lower()
        if replay != 'yes':
            break

六、总结与个人经验分享

在实现抢21游戏的过程中，我们不仅需要掌握Python的基本语法和模块使用，还需要合理设计游戏的逻辑和用户交互界面。在实际开发中，我发现以下几点经验非常重要：

模块化设计：将游戏的不同功能分成多个函数，既能提高代码的可读性，又便于维护和扩展。
用户体验：增加提示信息和交互选项，使游戏更加人性化和友好。
测试与优化：在开发过程中不断测试和优化代码，确保游戏的稳定性和流畅性。

通过以上步骤，我们成功实现了一个简单但功能完整的抢21游戏。希望本文能对你有所帮助，也欢迎你根据自己的需要和想法进一步优化和扩展游戏功能。