如何用python做星座计算器

如何用Python做星座计算器

用Python实现一个星座计算器，主要涉及日期处理、条件判断和用户输入输出等功能。利用日期判断星座、使用字典存储星座信息、输出结果友好。我们重点解释如何利用日期来判断星座。

首先，我们需要定义每个星座的日期范围，并根据用户输入的出生日期来判断其所属星座。以下是实现星座计算器的详细步骤：

一、定义星座与日期范围

为了准确判断星座，我们需要先定义每个星座的日期范围。星座的日期范围可以用字典来存储，其中键为星座名称，值为对应的日期范围。

zodiac_signs = {
    "Capricorn": [(1, 1), (1, 19)],
    "Aquarius": [(1, 20), (2, 18)],
    "Pisces": [(2, 19), (3, 20)],
    "Aries": [(3, 21), (4, 19)],
    "Taurus": [(4, 20), (5, 20)],
    "Gemini": [(5, 21), (6, 20)],
    "Cancer": [(6, 21), (7, 22)],
    "Leo": [(7, 23), (8, 22)],
    "Virgo": [(8, 23), (9, 22)],
    "Libra": [(9, 23), (10, 22)],
    "Scorpio": [(10, 23), (11, 21)],
    "Sagittarius": [(11, 22), (12, 21)],
    "Capricorn": [(12, 22), (12, 31)]
}

二、获取用户输入

为了得到用户的出生日期，我们需要从控制台获取用户输入，并将输入的字符串转换为日期格式。

def get_user_birthday():
    birth_date = input("Please enter your birth date (MM-DD): ")
    month, day = map(int, birth_date.split('-'))
    return month, day

三、判断星座

根据用户输入的出生日期，遍历星座的日期范围字典，判断用户所属星座。

def find_zodiac_sign(month, day):
    for sign, (start, end) in zodiac_signs.items():
        start_month, start_day = start
        end_month, end_day = end
        if (month == start_month and day >= start_day) or (month == end_month and day <= end_day):
            return sign
    return "Unknown"

四、整合功能

将前面的功能整合到一个完整的程序中，用户输入出生日期后，程序输出对应的星座。

def main():
    month, day = get_user_birthday()
    zodiac_sign = find_zodiac_sign(month, day)
    print(f"Your zodiac sign is {zodiac_sign}")
if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

五、处理边界情况

处理用户输入的边界情况，比如用户输入的日期格式错误或者日期不存在。我们可以使用try-except来捕获这些错误，并提示用户重新输入。

def get_user_birthday():
    while True:
        try:
            birth_date = input("Please enter your birth date (MM-DD): ")
            month, day = map(int, birth_date.split('-'))
            if month < 1 or month > 12 or day < 1 or day > 31:
                raise ValueError
            return month, day
        except ValueError:
            print("Invalid date format or date out of range. Please try again.")

六、优化代码

为了代码更简洁和提高可读性，可以对某些部分进行优化，例如利用函数来简化日期范围的判断。

def is_date_in_range(month, day, start, end):
    start_month, start_day = start
    end_month, end_day = end
    if start_month == end_month:
        return start_day <= day <= end_day
    else:
        return (month == start_month and day >= start_day) or (month == end_month and day <= end_day)
def find_zodiac_sign(month, day):
    for sign, (start, end) in zodiac_signs.items():
        if is_date_in_range(month, day, start, end):
            return sign
    return "Unknown"

七、增加星座描述

为了使星座计算器更有趣，可以为每个星座添加描述信息。当用户查询星座时，输出相应的描述。

zodiac_descriptions = { "Capricorn": "Capricorns are known for their practicality and ambition.", "Aquarius": "Aquarians are known for their independence and humanitarian nature.", "Pisces": "Pisces are known for their empathy and artistic nature.", "Aries": "Aries are known for their courage and leadership qualities.", "Taurus": "Taurus are known for their reliability and patience.", "Gemini": "Geminis are known for their adaptability and communication skills.", "Cancer": "Cancers are known for their emotional sensitivity and nurturing nature.", "Leo": "Leos are known for their confidence and charisma.", "Virgo": "Virgos are known for their analytical minds and attention to detail.", "Libra": "Libras are known for their sense of balance and fairness.", "Scorpio": "Scorpios are known for their intensity and passion.", "Sagittarius": "Sagittarians are known for their adventurous spirit and optimism." } def main(): month, day = get_user_birthday() zodiac_sign = find_zodiac_sign(month, day) description = zodiac_descriptions.get(zodiac_sign, "No description available.") print(f"Your zodiac sign is {zodiac_sign}") print(description)

八、使用模块化编程

为了增强代码的可维护性和扩展性，可以将代码分为多个模块。比如，将星座数据和描述放在一个单独的模块中，将日期处理和用户交互放在另一个模块中。

# zodiac_data.py
zodiac_signs = {
    "Capricorn": [(1, 1), (1, 19)],
    "Aquarius": [(1, 20), (2, 18)],
    "Pisces": [(2, 19), (3, 20)],
    "Aries": [(3, 21), (4, 19)],
    "Taurus": [(4, 20), (5, 20)],
    "Gemini": [(5, 21), (6, 20)],
    "Cancer": [(6, 21), (7, 22)],
    "Leo": [(7, 23), (8, 22)],
    "Virgo": [(8, 23), (9, 22)],
    "Libra": [(9, 23), (10, 22)],
    "Scorpio": [(10, 23), (11, 21)],
    "Sagittarius": [(11, 22), (12, 21)],
    "Capricorn": [(12, 22), (12, 31)]
}
zodiac_descriptions = {
    "Capricorn": "Capricorns are known for their practicality and ambition.",
    "Aquarius": "Aquarians are known for their independence and humanitarian nature.",
    "Pisces": "Pisces are known for their empathy and artistic nature.",
    "Aries": "Aries are known for their courage and leadership qualities.",
    "Taurus": "Taurus are known for their reliability and patience.",
    "Gemini": "Geminis are known for their adaptability and communication skills.",
    "Cancer": "Cancers are known for their emotional sensitivity and nurturing nature.",
    "Leo": "Leos are known for their confidence and charisma.",
    "Virgo": "Virgos are known for their analytical minds and attention to detail.",
    "Libra": "Libras are known for their sense of balance and fairness.",
    "Scorpio": "Scorpios are known for their intensity and passion.",
    "Sagittarius": "Sagittarians are known for their adventurous spirit and optimism."
}

# main.py
from zodiac_data import zodiac_signs, zodiac_descriptions
def get_user_birthday():
    while True:
        try:
            birth_date = input("Please enter your birth date (MM-DD): ")
            month, day = map(int, birth_date.split('-'))
            if month < 1 or month > 12 or day < 1 or day > 31:
                raise ValueError
            return month, day
        except ValueError:
            print("Invalid date format or date out of range. Please try again.")
def is_date_in_range(month, day, start, end):
    start_month, start_day = start
    end_month, end_day = end
    if start_month == end_month:
        return start_day <= day <= end_day
    else:
        return (month == start_month and day >= start_day) or (month == end_month and day <= end_day)
def find_zodiac_sign(month, day):
    for sign, (start, end) in zodiac_signs.items():
        if is_date_in_range(month, day, start, end):
            return sign
    return "Unknown"
def main():
    month, day = get_user_birthday()
    zodiac_sign = find_zodiac_sign(month, day)
    description = zodiac_descriptions.get(zodiac_sign, "No description available.")
    print(f"Your zodiac sign is {zodiac_sign}")
    print(description)
if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()